Series 83-007 - Canada. 1881 Peterborough, Victoria, Hastings, Durham and Northumberland Census

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Title proper

Canada. 1881 Peterborough, Victoria, Hastings, Durham and Northumberland Census

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    Series

    Reference code

    83-007

    Edition area

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    Statement of scale (cartographic)

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    Dates of creation area

    Date(s)

    • 1983 (Reproduction)
      Note
      Microfilming
    • 1881 (Creation)
      Creator
      Canada. Census.

    Physical description area

    Physical description

    5 microfilm reels.

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    Administrative history

    Census taking in Canada was divided into enumeration districts which were usually located around cities and counties. The districts were divided in sub-districts which were usually located around towns, townships and city wards. Villages, small towns, parishes and seigneuries were generally enumerated as part of the township in which they were located. Census and county boundaries did not always coincide since boundaries and town names changed or disappeared. The first census in Canada was undertaken in 1666 by Intendant Jean Talon. Census taking was not required until it was put into the Constitution in 1867. Before 1867 census taking was sketchy and it was not until 1851 that it became established as a way of assessing population and colonial needs for the government. (Taken from: "Census Returns, 1666-1891." Public Archives, Canada, 1987.)

    In 1792, the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham were officially created in a proclamation made by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. The proclamation divided Upper Canada into 19 Counties for representation purposes. The United Counties are bounded by Lake Ontario in the south, Hasting County in the east, Ontario County in the west and Peterborough and Victoria Counties in the north. The town line between Hope and Hamilton Townships divide the two counties. Durham County consists of the Townships of Cartwright, Manvers, Cavan, Darlington, Clarke and Hope. Northumberland County consists of South Monaghan, Hamilton, Haldimand, Alnwick, Percy, Cramahe, Seymour, Brighton and Murray Townships. (Taken from: "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Northumberland and Durham Counties, Ontario." Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Limited, 1972.) The land which is now Peterborough County was originally part of Newcastle District before 1841, and the Colbourne District until 1850, the year when districts were replaced by counties in Upper Canada. At this time the United Counties of Peterborough and Victoria was created. In 1861, Victoria County was given independence from Peterborough. Peterbourgh County is made up of the following townships: Galway, Cavendish, Anstruther, Chandos, Harvey, Burleigh, Methuen, Ennismore, Smith, Douro, Dummer, Belmont, North Monaghan, Otonabee, and Asphodel. (taken from "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Peterborough County 1825-1875." Peterborough: The Peterborough Historical Atlas Foundation Inc., 1975.) Victoria County, formally established in 1860, is comprised of the Townships of Bexley, Carden, Dalton, Eldon, Emily, Fenelon, Laxton, Digby, Longford, Manvers, Mariposa, Ops, Somerville, and Verulam. The town of Lindsay in Ops Township is the county seat. The County is bordered in the north by the Muskoka District, in the east by Haliburton and Peterborough Counties, in the south by Lake Scugog and the Regional Municipality of Durham, and in the west by Durham and Simcoe Counties. It is 2,169 km square in area. The land in Victoria County was first opened for settlement in 1821 and the first settlers were mainly Irish, both Protestant and Catholic, and Scottish Presbyterians. By 1880, lumbering was firmly established as the main industry in the county. Quickly the region was stripped of its forests, and it was not until the 1920's that an interest in reforestation developed. Today, Victoria County is a prime grain producing region. As well, chemical industries and tourism make up the present day economic picture of the county. (Taken from: Mika, Nick and Helma. "Places in Ontario, Part III." Belleville: Mika Publishing Company, 1983.) Hastings County was proclaimed the 11th county of Upper Canada in 1792. The second largest county in Ontario, it includes nineteen municipal townships: Bangor, Wicklow and McClure, Carlow, Dungannon, Elzevir and Grimsthorpe, Faraday, Hershal, Hungerford, Huntingdon, Limerick, Madoc, Marmora and Lake, Mayo; Monteagle, Rawdon, Sidney, Thurlow, Tudor and Cashel, Tyendinaga, and Wollaston. Hastings was named after a military leader who had fought in the American Revolution, Francis Rawdon-Hastings (1754-1826). His family name was taken from the town of Hastings in Sussex, England. Until 1849 Hastings County was called the Victoria District. This was changed at that time by the Baldwin Act which replaced district councils with county councils. The first major industry in Hastings County was agriculture, and this was well-established by 1860, with Belleville having the largest saw mills west of Ottawa. Around this time, mining became an important attraction for new settlers, with the extraction of gold at Eldorado, Deloro, Gilmour, and Cordova. Once the Grand Trunk Railway began making stops in Belleville in 1856, the economy of the county improved immensely. Today tourism, lumbering and mining are the major industries of the county. (Taken from: Mika, Nick and Helma. "Places on Ontario, Part II." Belleville: Mika Publishing Company, 1981.)

    Custodial history

    Scope and content

    Series consists of five microfilm reels of the decennial nominal census, of 1881, of Peterborough, Victoria, Hastings, Durham and Northumberland Counties. This collection includes the census of the towns, villages, and townships of Hastings County (north) and are listed as follows: Marmora Lake, Wollaston, Monteagle, Hershel, Wicklow, McClure, Bangor, Mayo, Carlo, Grimsthorpe, Elzevir, Dungannon, Faraday, Cashel, Limerick, Tudor, Sabine, Airey, Lyell, Murchison and Robinson; also Northumberland County (east), including Cramahe, Colborne (village), Brighton, Brighton (village), Murray, Percy, Seymour, Campbellford (village) and Hastings (village). Included also is Northumberland County (west) encompassing Alnwick, Haldimand, Hamilton, and Cobourg (town); and Peterborough County (east), which includes Ashburnham (village), Norwood (village), Burleigh, Anstruther, Chandos, Harvey, Galway, Cavendish, Belmont, Methuen, Hastings (village), Asphodel, Stanhope, Sherborne, McClintock, Dudley, Dysart, Harcourt, Snowden, Glamorgan, Monmouth, Cardiff, Minden, Douro, Otonabee, and Dummer. Also included is Peterborough County (west), encompassing Peterborough (town), Smith, Monaghan (north), Monaghan (south), and Ennismore; also Durham County (east), which includes Hope, Port Hope (town), Cavan, Manvers, Millbrook (village); also Durham County (west), which includes Darlington, Newcastle (village), Clarke, Cartwright, and Bowmanville (town); also Victoria County (south), which includes Ops, Lindsay (town), Mariposa, Emily, Verulam, Omemee (village), and Bobcaygeon (village); also Victoria County (north), which includes Eldon, Fenelon, Fenelon Falls (village), Carden, Dalton, Bexley, Somerville, Digby, Laxton, Longford, Lutterworth, Hindon, and Anson; also Muskoka, which includes Morrison, Gravenhurst (village), Muskoka, Wood, Medora, Monk, Cardwell, Watt, Conger, Humphrey, Oakley, Ryde, Draper, Bracebridge (village), Macauly, Brunel, Stephenson, Ridout, McLean, Sinclair, Franklin, Proudfoot, Chaffey, Bethune, Perry, McDougall, Cowper, and Foley.

    Notes area

    Physical condition

    Immediate source of acquisition

    This microfilm was purchased from the Library and Archives Canada.

    Arrangement

    Language of material

      Script of material

        Location of originals

        Originals located at the Library and Archives Canada.

        Availability of other formats

        Restrictions on access

        None.

        Terms governing use, reproduction, and publication

        Finding aids

        Generated finding aid

        Associated materials

        For related records, see other census records in this collection.

        Accruals

        General note

        Microfilm. Set 38.

        Reel 1 (P.A.C. film #C-13239):

        Hastings (North), & Northumberland (East) & (West)
        Hastings (North)
        Marmora Lake
        Wollaston
        Monteagle
        Hershel
        Wicklow
        McClure
        Bangor
        Mayo
        Carlo
        Grimsthorpe
        Elzevir
        Dungannon
        Faraday
        Cashel
        Limerick
        Tudor
        Sabine
        Airey
        Lyell
        Murchison
        Robinson
        Northumberland (East)
        Cramahe
        Colborne (Village)
        Brighton
        Brighton (Village)
        Murray
        Percy
        Seymour
        Campbellford (Village)
        Hastings (Village) (See also Peterborough (East))
        Northumberland (West)
        Alnwick

        Reel 2 (P.A.C. film #C-13240):

        Northumberland (West), Peterborough (East)
        Northumberland (West)
        Haldimand
        Hamilton
        Cobourg (Town)
        Peterborough (East)
        Ashburnham (Village)
        Norwood (Village)
        Burleigh
        Anstruther
        Chandos
        Harvey
        Galway
        Cavendish
        Belmont
        Methuen
        Hastings (Village)
        Asphodel
        Stanhope
        Sherborne
        McClintock
        Dudley
        Dysart
        Harcourt
        Snowden
        Glamorgan
        Monmouth
        Cardiff
        Minden
        Douro
        Otonabee

        Reel 3 (P.A.C. film #C-13241):

        Peterborough (East) & (West), & Durham (East)
        Peterborough (East)
        Otonabee
        Dummer
        Peterborough (West)
        Peterborough (Town)
        Smith
        Monahan (North)
        Monahan (South)
        Ennismore
        Durham (East)
        Hope
        Port Hope (Town)
        Cavan
        Manvers
        Millbrook (Village)

        Reel 4 (P.A.C. film #C-13242):

        Durham (West), Victoria (South)
        Durham (West)
        Darlington
        Newcastle (Village)
        Clarke
        Cartwright
        Bowmanville (Town)
        Victoria (South)
        Ops
        Lindsay (Town)
        Mariposa
        Emily

        Reel 5 (P.A.C. film #C-13243):

        Victoria (South) & (North), Muskoka
        Victoria (South)
        Verulam
        Omemee (Village)
        Bobcaygeon (Village)
        Victoria (North)
        Eldon
        Fenelon
        Fenelon Falls (Village)
        Carden
        Dalton
        Bexley
        Somerville
        Digby
        Laxton
        Longford
        Lutterworth
        Hindon
        Anson
        Muskoka
        Morrison
        Gravenhurst (Village)
        Muskoka
        Wood
        Medora
        Monk
        Cardwell
        Watt
        Conger
        Humphrey
        Oakley
        Ryde
        Draper
        Bracebridge (Village)
        Macauly
        Brunel
        Stephenson
        Ridout
        McLean
        Sinclair
        Franklin
        Proudfoot
        Chaffey
        Bethune
        Perry
        McDougall
        Cowper
        Foley

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